ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Analysis and QTLs Identification of Some Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought Stress
In order to study the genetic conditions of some agronomic traits in wheat, a cross was made between Gaspard and Kharchia varieties. F2, F3 and F4 progenies with parents were evaluated under drought conditions. Three-parameter model [m d h] considered as the best fit for number of fertile tiller and flag leaf length using generations mean analysis method. For number of grain per spike and main spike grain weight three-parameter model [m d i] was used. For number of spikelet per spike, grain yield and plant height four-parameter model [m d h i] was used. The heritability values ranged from 56% for flag leaf length to 81% for grain yield. The F3 generation with 100 individuals was used to construct a genetic linkage map. Using the method of composite interval mapping 3, 1, 5, 2, 2 and 1 QTLs were detected for plant height, grain yield, number of spikelet per spike, flag leaf length, main spike grain weight and number of fertile tiller respectively.
https://www.jpmb-gabit.ir/article_25712_94babe3a0e50221ee0ccc0afa1289f1a.pdf
2017-07-01
1
9
10.22058/jpmb.2017.53145.1117
Bread wheat
generations mean analysis
Drought stress
gene effects
Quantitative trait loci
Shahrbanoo
Abbasi
abbasi.shahrbanoo06@gmail.com
1
Department of Plant Breeding, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman-Iran
AUTHOR
amin
Baghizadeh
amin_4156@yahoo.com
2
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, High Technology & Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman-Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ghasem
Mohammadi-nejad
mohammadinejad@yahoo.com
3
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
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38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Regulation of miR159 and miR396 mediated by Piriformospora indica confer drought tolerance in rice
Drought stress is one of the most determinative factors of agriculture and plays a major role in limiting crop productivity. This limitation is going to rising through climate changes. However, plants have their own defense systems to moderate the adverse effects of climatic conditions. MicroRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation is one of these defense mechanisms. The root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica enhances plant tolerance to environmental stress based on general and non-specific plant species mechanisms. In this work, we investigated the effects of drought and P. indica inoculation on the expression of two important miRNAs, miR159 and miR396, in rice plants. To this end, leaf samples were harvested at control (F.C.) and severe drought stress (25% F.C.) in P. indica-colonized and non-inoculated rice plants 4 weeks after fungal inoculation. We have observed contrary expression patterns of miR396 (down-regulated) and miR159 (up-regulated) under drought stress condition. However, both miRNAs showed up-regulation by P. indica inoculation. We have observed significant up-regulation of miR396 and miR159 by treatment of P. indica under drought stress condition. Regulation of growth, hyposensitivity response and bio-water saving pathways directly affected by MYB and GRF transcriptional factor. So, remarkable change of miR156 and miR396 could lead plant to be tolerable under drought stress by the fine regulation of MYB and GRF, respectively.
https://www.jpmb-gabit.ir/article_25076_2cd4655acfc211a3bf52885a673cd816.pdf
2017-06-01
10
18
10.22058/jpmb.2017.60864.1129
Endophyte
drought stress tolerance
miRNAs
post-transcriptional gene regulation
Ehsan
Mohsenifard
mohsenifard.ehsan@znu.ac.ir
1
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Ghabooli
m.ghabooli@malayeru.ac.ir
2
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nastaran
Mehri
nastaran.mehri@gmail.com
3
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Behnam
Bakhshi
behnam.bakhshi@gmail.com
4
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
[1] Sherameti I., Shahollari B., Venus Y., Altschmied L., Varma A.and Oelmüller R. 2005. The endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica stimulates the expression of nitrate reductase and the starch-degrading enzyme glucan-water dikinase in tobacco and Arabidopsis roots through a homeodomain transcription factor that binds to a conserved motif in their promoters. Journal of Biological Chemistry 280: 26241-26247.
1
[2] Yadav V., Kumar M., Deep D.K., Kumar H., Sharma R., Tripathi T., Tuteja N., Saxena A.K.and Johri A.K. 2010. A phosphate transporter from the root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica plays a role in phosphate transport to the host plant. Journal of Biological Chemistry 285: 26532-26544.
2
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3
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4
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52
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Expression pattern analysis of transcription factors from Aeluropus littoralis in response to salt stress and recovery condition.
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that decrease crop production. Transcription factors (TFs) are prominent regulators in plant responses to abiotic stress. In the present study, the expression pattern of four salt-induced genes encoding transcription factors, namely, MYB, RF2, GTF, and ARID was studied in response to salt stress (sodium chloride) and recovery conditions. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) showed that expression of genes was influenced by salt stress in A. littoralis. The expression level of all genes increased after 6 hours treatment by salt and after that, it drastically decreased with promoting of stress duration in both roots and shoots tissues but in a different manner. The expression of MYB gene in root (68.44) was the higher than shoot (38.57) after 6 hours of salt treatment, while the expression of other studied genes in the shoot was higher than root. At the recovery stage, the up-regulated expression of genes in different tissues gradually decreased and finally gets a stable value. The result showed that the studied transcription factors play an important role in tolerance of A. littoralis to salinity and could be used as an informative resource in the future breeding programs aimed to develop salt tolerant plants. Also, the response of A. littoralis to salt stress depends on the tissue type and duration of plant exposure to salt.
https://www.jpmb-gabit.ir/article_27334_7cf9e26c45c341058ce8f74be65f6b99.pdf
2017-07-01
19
30
10.22058/jpmb.2017.68421.1141
abiotic stress
Halophyte
Recovery condition
Reference genes
Transcription factor
Hamid Reza
Ghorbani
ghorbani.hreza@gmail.com
1
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Habibollah
Samizadeh Lahiji
hsamizadeh@yahoo.com
2
2Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Ghorban-Ali
Nematzadeh
gh.nematzadeh@sanru.ac.ir
3
Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari agricultural sciences and natural resources university, Sari, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] Modarresi, M., Nematzadeh, G.A. and Zarein, M. 2013. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Gene from Halophyte Aeluropus lagopoides: Identification and Characterization. J Crop Imp, 27: 281-290.
1
[2] Kamkar, B., Kafi, M. and Nassiri-Mahallati, M. 2004. Determination of the most sensitive developmental period of wheat (Triticumaestivum) to salt stress to optimize saline water utilization. Australian Agronomy Conference, 12th AAC, 4th ICSC.
2
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic diversity assessment of male and female pistachio genotypes based on ISSR markers
Genetic study of pistachio, especially male genotypes due to the effects of pollen on nut quality and quantity and next generation characterizations, help to improve its management and breeding programs. We studied the genetic diversity among 20 male and 36 female pistachio genotypes using ISSR marker. In total 178 DNA frgments were proliferated using 12 primers that 169 fragments were polymorphism. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) for the used primers were variable from 16 to up to 35%. Pistachio genotypes classified as five main categories by using cluster analysis. The most genetic similarity was between the ‘Poostkhormayee’and ‘Momtaz’ cultivars with 78% similarity and the lowest genetic similarity was between ‘Ravar3’ cultivar with ‘Ghazvini’cultivar and K40 genotype with 25% similarity. K38 male genotype had the lowest genetic similarity with female cultivars. Thus, it can be introduced as appropriate pollinizer for other studied cultivars. The results of analysis of molecular variance analysis showed that variability between male and female populations (8%) was lower than the variation within the populations (92%). Based on present results, ISSR marker was as a powerful tool to study the genetic variation among male and female pistachio genotypes.
https://www.jpmb-gabit.ir/article_25773_4477c793bf446e49951b6df614de6a7c.pdf
2017-07-01
31
39
10.22058/jpmb.2017.63965.1132
Pistachio
Molecular marker
cluster analysis
molecular variance
Mohsen
Mahmoodnia Meimand
m.mahmoodnia@vru.ac.ir
1
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Farzad Amirebrahimi
fatemehfarzad93@gmail.com
2
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Karimi
h_karimi1019@yahoo.com
3
Department of Horticultural Scinces, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Khalil
Malekzadeh
kh.malekzadeh@vru.ac.ir
4
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Vail-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Tajabadipour
tajabadi@pri.ir
5
Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
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[28] Weising, K., Nybon, H., Wolff, K. And Kahl, G. 2005. Applications of DNA fingerprinting in plant sciences. In: Taylor and Francis Group (Ed.), DNA fingerprinting in plants. Principles, methods and applications. CRC press boca ration, London, New York, Singapore, Chapter 6, 235-276.
26
[29] Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Levak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A. and Tingey, S.V. 1990. DNA polymorphism amplification by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res, 18: 6531-6535.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Morphological and anatomical changes in stems of Aeluropus littoralis under salt stress
Salinity is one of the most important agricultural issues causing considerable yield reduction in agricultural crops. The main adverse effects of salinity are due to excess amount of sodium ions that is toxic to plant cells. Most halophytes are equipped with defense mechanisms enabling them to tolerate the salty habitats. Among grass plants, Aeluropus littoralis is a known monocots halophyte that can tolerate harsh saline conditions. In this study, salt treatment was applied in three levels of 0, 200 and 400 mM NaCl after 45 days and biological samples were collected at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment (DAT). For microscopic analysis, the tissues were cross-sectioned and stained using methylene blue for lignified tissues and Congo red for cellulosic tissues. The amounts of Na+ and K+ were measured by flame photometer and the content of lignin was measured by polymeric thioglycolic acid derivatives method. The results showed that the amount of Na+ increased 13-fold, while the stem length, stem diameter, vascular bundle number, metaxylem diameter, phloem diameter, K+, fresh weight and dry weight decreased significantly by 35%, 48%, 59%, 19%, 25%, 45%, 64% and 55% under salt treatment, respectively. The amount of lignin in stem did not significantly change under salinity. According to these results, A. littoralis can tolerate saline habitats by different adaptation strategies like the limitation of minerals transition and reduction of plant biomass. Furthermore, the concentration of lignin in metaxylem tissues and stele parenchyma led to increased resistance of halophytes in excess amounts of Na+.
https://www.jpmb-gabit.ir/article_27294_c9ddf362da8a85c792e333976969b16e.pdf
2017-07-01
40
48
10.22058/jpmb.2017.63945.1133
Aeluropus littoralis
K+
Lignin
Na+
stele parenchyma
Behrouz
Barzegargolchini
b.barzegar@sanru.ac.ir
1
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Movafeghi
movafeghi@tabrizu.ac.ir
2
Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Dehestani
a.dehestani@sanru.ac.ir
3
Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
AUTHOR
Pooyan
Mehrabanjoubani
p.mehraban@sanru.ac.ir
4
Department of Basic Sciences, University of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
AUTHOR
[1] Abbasi, F. 2008. The effects of salinity and aridity on some of the growth properties of Aeluropus logopoides and Aeluropus litttoralis. J Sci (Islamic Azad University), 17:121-138.
1
[2] Abbasi, F., Khavarinethad, R.A., Kouchaki, A. and Fahimi, H. 2002. Effect of salinity on growth and physiological aspects of Aeluropus littoralis. Desert (Biaban), 7:101-110.
2
[3] Bandani, M. and Abdolzadeh, A. 2007. Effects of silicon nutrition on salinity tolerance of Puccinellia distans (jacq.) parl. J Agric Sci Nat Resour, 14:111-119.
3
[4] Barhoumi, Z., Djebali, W., Smaoui, A., Chaïbi, W. and Abdelly, C. 2007. Contribution of NaCl excretion to salt resistance of Aeluropus littoralis (Willd) Parl. J Plant Physiol, 164:842-850.
4
[5] Boughalleb, F., Denden, M. and Tiba, B.B. 2009. Anatomical changes induced by increasing NaCl salinity in three fodder shrubs, Nitraria retusa, Atriplex halimus and Medicago arborea. Acta Physiol Plant, 31:947-960.
5
[6] Chinnusamy, V., Jagendorf, A. and Zhu, J.-K. 2005. Understanding and improving salt tolerance in plants. Crop Sci, 45:437-488.
6
[7] Fakhrfeshani, M., Shahriari-Ahmadi, F., Niazi, A., Moshtaghi, N., and Zare-Mehrjerdi, M. 2015. The effect of salinity stress on Na+, K+ concentration, Na+/K+ ratio, electrolyte leakage and HKT expression profile in roots of Aeluropus littoralis. Journal of Plant Molecular Breeding, 3: 1-10.
7
[8] Graham, M.Y. and Graham, T.L. 1991. Rapid accumulation of anionic peroxidases and phenolic polymers in soybean cotyledon tissues following treatment with Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea wall glucan. Plant Physiol, 97:1445-1455.
8
[9] Gulzar, S., Khan, M.A. and Ungar, I.A. 2003. Salt tolerance of a coastal salt marsh grass. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal, 34:2595-2605.
9
[10] Gulzar, S., Khan, M.A., Ungar, I.A. and Liu, X. 2005. Influence of salinity on growth and osmotic relations of Sporobolus ioclados. Pak J Bot, 37:119-129.
10
[11] Hameed, M., Ashraf, M. and Naz, N. 2011. Anatomical and physiological characteristics relating to ionic relations in some salt tolerant grasses from the salt range, Pakistan. Acta Physiol Plant, 33:1399-1409.
11
[12] Hoagland, D.R. 1940. Salt accumulation by plant cells, with special reference to metabolism and experiments on barley roots. In Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 8:181-194.
12
[13] Jamil, M., Deog Bae, L., Kwang Yong, J., Ashraf, M., Sheong Chun, L. and Eui Shik, R. 2006. Effect of salt (NaCl) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables species. J Cent Eur Agric, 7:273-282.
13
[14] Jannesar, M., Saboora, A. and Razavi, K. 2009. Effects of ABA and Ca2+ on the changes of some biochemical compounds during adaptation to salinity in Aeluropus lagopoides. Iranian J Rangel For Plant Breed Genet Res, 17:15-28.
14
[15] Jouanin, L. and Lapierre, C. 2012. Lignins: biosynthesis, biodegradation and bioengineering, Academic Press.
15
[16] Kelij, S. 2013. Anatomic and metabolic changes of lignin deposition during various developmental stages in halophyte (Aeluropus littoralis Parl.). PhD Thesis, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
16
[17] Koocheki, A. and Mohalati, M. 1994. Feed value of some halophytic range plants of arid regions of Iran, Springer, 249-253.
17
[18] Mahmood, A., Athar, M., Qadri, R. and Mahmood, N. 2008. Effect of NaCl salinity on growth, nodulation and total nitrogen content in Sesbania sesban. Agric Conspec Sci, 73:137-141.
18
[19] Marschner, H. 2011. Marschner's mineral nutrition of higher plants, Academic press.
19
[20] Mehrinfar, F., Nematzadeh, G., Pirdashti, H. and Mobaser, H.R. 2014. Effect of salinity on ion content, plant pigments, soluble sugars and starch of halophyte plant (Aeluropus littoralis). New Find Agric, 3:251-261.
20
[21] Mitchell, J., Thomsen, C., Graves, W. and Shennan, C. 1999. Cover crops for saline soils. J Agron Crop Sci, 183:167-178.
21
[22] Moameni, A. 2011. Geographical distribution and salinity levels of soil resources of Iran. Iranian J Soil Res (Formerly Soil And Water Sciences), 24:203-215.
22
[23] Munns, R., Wallace, P.A., Teakle, N.L. and Colmer, T.D. 2010. Measuring soluble ion concentrations (Na+, K+, Cl−) in salt-treated plants. Plant Stress Tolerance: Methods and Protocols, pp.371-382.
23
[24] Navarro, A., Tolivia, J. and Valle, E.d. 1999. Congo red method for demonstrating amyloid in paraffin sections. J Histotechnol, 22:305-308.
24
[25] Naz, N., Hameed, M., Nawaz, T., Batool, R., Ashraf, M., Ahmad, F. and Ruby, T. 2013. Structural adaptations in the desert halophyte Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Trin. ex Thw. under high salinity. J Biol Res Thessalon, 19:150-164.
25
[26] Phirouzabadi, A., Jafari, M., Sharifabad, H., Azarnivand, H. and Abbasi, H.R. 2009. Investigation of the morphologic-physiologic changes of Puccinellia distans and Aeluropus littoralis to salinity and drought resistance. Iran J Range Desert Res, 16:1-10.
26
[27] Santiago, R., Barros-Rios, J. and Malvar, R.A. 2013. Impact of cell wall composition on maize resistance to pests and diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 14:6960-6980.
27
[28] Srivastava, L.M. 2002. Plant growth and development: hormones and environment, Academic press.
28
[29] Tanji, K.K. 1995. Agricultural salinity assessment and management. Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur.
29
[30] Tipirdamaz, R., Gagneul, D., Duhazé, C., Aïnouche, A., Monnier, C., Özkum, D. and Larher, F. 2006. Clustering of halophytes from an inland salt marsh in Turkey according to their ability to accumulate sodium and nitrogenous osmolytes. Environ Exper Bot, 57:139-153.
30
[31] Zarinkamar, F. and Farkhah, A.S. 2005. Comparative studies between different aspects of the three halophyte speacies, Salsola dendroides, Aeluropus lagopoides, and Alhagi persarum. Pajouhesh Sazandegi, 18:50-66.
31
[32] Zekki, H., Gauthier, L. and Gosselin, A. 1996. Growth, productivity, and mineral composition of hydroponically cultivated greenhouse tomatoes, with or without nutrient solution recyclingJ. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 121:1082-1088.
32
[33] Zhang, G.H., Su, Q., An, L.J. and Wu, S. 2008. Characterization and expression of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene from the monocot halophyte Aeluropus littoralis. Plant Physiol Biochem, 46:117-126.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maize Hybrids Through Morphological Traits and Simple Sequence Repeat Markers
Comparing different methods of estimating the genetic diversity could define their usefulness in plant breeding programs. In this study, a total of 18 morphological traits and 20 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were used to study the morphological and genetic diversity among 20 maize hybrids selected from different countries, and to classify the hybrids into groups based on molecular profiles and morphological traits. To collect morphological data, a field experiment was carried out using an RBCD design with three replications in Moghan, Ardabil, Iran. The highest estimates for genetic coefficients of variation were observed in anthesis-silking interval, followed by grain yields, leaf chlorophyll rates, kernel row numbers, and ear heights. The total number of PCR-amplified products was 84 bands, all of which were polymorphic. Among the studied primers,NC009,BNLG1108,BNLG1194,PHI026 and PHI057 showed the maximum polymorphism information content(PIC) and the greatest diversity. To determine the genetic relationship among maize hybrids, the cluster analysis was performed based on both morphological traits(using the Ward method) and SSR markers (using the CLINK method). The cluster analysis of morphological traits divided the maize hybrids into five groups. Furthermore, Maize hybrids were divided into seven main groups based on SSR markers. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of a similarity matrix of hybrids for SSR data showed that the first 15 coordinates explained 97.21% of the total variance, whereas the first two coordinates explained only 33.14% of the total variance. Generally, results indicated that SSR markers were able to classify closely related maize hybrids more efficiently than morphological traits.
https://www.jpmb-gabit.ir/article_25713_8720d1ec01936a930cdb213018115f7d.pdf
2017-07-01
49
60
10.22058/jpmb.2017.31701.1081
Agronomical Traits
Genetic Relationship
SSR
Farideh
Nik khoy
nikkhoy313@yahoo.com
1
Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Parsabadeh-Moghan
AUTHOR
Mohammadreza
Shiri
mohammadrezashiri52@gmail.com
2
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] Agraw, D., Sukumar-Saha, C. and May, L. 1999. Use of cross-species simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers for developing polymorphic DNA markers. Journal of New Seeds, 1:25-37.
1
[2] Barbosa-Neto, J.F., Sorrells, M.E. and Cisar, G. 1996. Prediction of heterosis in wheat using coefficient of parentage and RFLP-based estimates of genetic relationship. Genome, 39:1142-1149.
2
[3] Beyene, Y., Botha, A.M. and Myburg, A.A. 2006. Genetic diversity among traditional Ethiopian highland maize accessions assessed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Genet Resour Crop Evo, l00:1-10.
3
[4] Choukan, R., Hossainzadeh, A., Ghannadha, M.R., Talei, A.R., Mohammadi, S.A. and Warburton, M.L. 2006. Use of SSR data to determine relationships and potential heterotic groupings within medium to late maturing Iranian maize inbred lines. Field Crops Res, 95:212 -222.
4
[5] Enoki, H., Sato, H. and Koinuma, K. 2002. SSR analysis of genetic diversity among maize inbred lines adapted to cold regions of Japan. Theor Appl Genet, 104:1270 -1277.
5
[6] Gerpacio, V.R. and Pingali, P.L. 2007. Tropical and subtropical maize in Asia: Production systems, constraints and research priorities. CIMMYT Mexico, 93p.
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[7] Hashimoto, Z., Mori, N., Kawamural, M., Ishii, T., Yoshida, S., Ikegami, M., Takumi, S. and Nakamural, C. 2004. Genetic diversity and phylogeny of Japanese sake-brewing rice as revealed by AFLP and nuclear and chloroplast SSR markers. Theor Appl Genet, 109 (8):1586-1596
7
[8] Jambrović, A., Šimić, D., Ledenčan, T., Zdunić, Z. And Brkić, I. 2008. Genetic diversity among maize (Zea mays, L.) inbred lines in Eastern Croatia. Periodicum biologorum, 110: 251 - 255.
8
[9] Khayyam Nikoyie, M., Jahantighy, R., Soloki, M., Mohammadi, R. and Emamjome, A. A. 2009. Study of genetic diversity of different genotypes of Festuca arundinacea Schreb by means of AF LP markers. J Agric Nat Resour Sci, 16 (1-B): 351-360.
9
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10
[11] Mondini, L., Noorani, A. and Pagnotta, M.A. 2009. Assessing Plant Genetic Diversity by Molecular Tools. Diversity, 1: 19-35.
11
[12] O’Neill, R., Snowdon, R.J. and Kohler, W. 2003. Population genetics aspects of biodiversity. Progress Bot, 64: 115-137.
12
[13] Pabendona, M.B., Mejayaa, M.J., Koswarab, J. and Aswidinnoorb, H. 2009. SSR-based genetic diversities among maize inbred lines and their relationships with f1 phenotypic data of MR4 and MR14 test crosses. Indonesian J Agric, 2: 41-48.
13
[14] Panaud, O., Chen, X. and Mc Couch, S.R. 1996. Development of microsatellite markers and characterization of simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) in rice (Oryza sativa L. ). Molecular and General Genetics, 252: 597-607.
14
[15] Pejic, I., Ajmone-Marsan, P., Morgante, M., Kozumplick, V., Castiglioni, P., Taramino, G. and Motto, M. 1998. Comparative analysis of genetic similarity among maize inbred lines detected by RFLPs, RAPDs, SSRs and AFLPs. Theor Appl Genet, 97: 1248-1255.
15
[16] Phelps, T.L., Hall, A.E. and Buckner, b. 1996. Microsatellites repeat variation within the y1 gene of maize and teosinte. J Hered, 87: 396–399.
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18
[19] Shiri, M. 2013. Grain yield stability analysis of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in different drought stress conditions using GGE biplot analysis. Crop Breeding Journal, 3:107-112.
19
[20] Shiri, M. R., Choukan, R., and Aliyev, R. T. 2014. Study of genetic diversity among maize hybrids using SSR markers and morphological traits under two different irrigation conditions. Crop Breeding Journal 4 (1): 65-72.
20
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[26] Zali, H., Farshadfar, E. and Sabaghpour, S.H.. 2011. Genetic variability and interrelationships among agronomic traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes. Crop Breeding Journal 1: 127-132.
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